European
European herbal medicine and its North American (Eclectic) offshoot — historical use combined with clinical research.
Notice
Folk use
Plants in the European tradition
Actaea racemosa
Black Cohosh
ClinicalCaution
Actinidia deliciosa
Kiwifruit
ClinicalCaution
Aesculus hippocastanum
Horse Chestnut
ClinicalDanger
Agrimonia eupatoria
Agrimony
Clinical
Allium sativum
Garlic
ClinicalCaution
Armoracia rusticana
Horseradish
ClinicalCaution
Artemisia absinthium
Wormwood
ClinicalDanger
Artemisia annua
Sweet Wormwood (Qing Hao)
ClinicalDanger
Astragalus membranaceus
Astragalus (Huang Qi)
ClinicalCaution
Berberis vulgaris
Barberry
ClinicalDanger
Brassica oleracea
Cabbage / kale / broccoli
ClinicalCautionCalendula officinalis
Calendula / Marigold
ClinicalCaution
Camellia sinensis
Tea (green / black)
ClinicalCaution
Cannabis sativa
Cannabis / Hemp
ClinicalDanger
Capsicum annuum
Cayenne / Chilli Pepper
ClinicalCaution
Centella asiatica
Gotu Kola
ClinicalCaution
Cicer arietinum
Chickpea
ClinicalCaution
Cinchona
Cinchona
ClinicalDanger
Cinnamomum verum
Cinnamon
ClinicalDangerCoffea arabica
Coffee
ClinicalCaution
Crataegus laevigata
Hawthorn
ClinicalCautionCrataegus monogyna
Hawthorn
ClinicalDanger
Crocus sativus
Saffron
ClinicalDanger
Cuminum cyminum
Cumin
ClinicalCaution
Curcuma longa
Turmeric
ClinicalDanger
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Guar / Cluster bean
ClinicalCaution
Cynara scolymus
Globe artichoke
ClinicalCaution
Echinacea purpurea
Echinacea (Purple coneflower)
ClinicalCaution
Elettaria cardamomum
Cardamom
Clinical
Eleutherococcus senticosus
Siberian Ginseng (Eleuthero)
ClinicalCaution
Ephedra sinica
Ephedra
ClinicalDanger
Fragaria × ananassa
Garden strawberry
ClinicalCaution
Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo
ClinicalDanger
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Liquorice / Licorice
ClinicalDanger
Harpagophytum procumbens
Devil's claw
ClinicalCautionHibiscus sabdariffa
Roselle (Hibiscus / sour tea)
ClinicalCaution
Hypericum perforatum
St John's Wort
ClinicalDanger
Lavandula angustifolia
Lavender
ClinicalCaution
Lens culinaris
Lentil
ClinicalCaution
Linum usitatissimum
Flax / Linseed
ClinicalCaution
Lycium chinense
Goji Berry (Chinese Wolfberry)
ClinicalCaution
Melaleuca alternifolia
Tea Tree
ClinicalDanger
Mentha piperita
Peppermint
ClinicalDanger
Ocimum tenuiflorum
Holy Basil (Tulsi)
ClinicalCaution
Oenothera biennis
Evening Primrose
ClinicalCaution
Olea europaea
Olive (leaf / oil)
ClinicalCaution
Panax ginseng
Korean (Asian) Ginseng
ClinicalCaution
Petasites hybridus
Butterbur
ClinicalDanger
Phaseolus vulgaris
Common bean / kidney bean
ClinicalCaution
Plantago afra
Psyllium / Black psyllium
ClinicalCaution
Plantago ovata
Psyllium / Ispaghula
ClinicalCaution
Prunus avium
Sweet cherry
ClinicalCautionRauvolfia serpentina
Indian snakeroot
ClinicalDanger
Rhodiola rosea
Rhodiola (Roseroot)
ClinicalCaution
Rosa canina
Rosehip / dog rose
ClinicalCaution
Salvia miltiorrhiza
Dan Shen (Red Sage)
ClinicalDanger
Salvia officinalis
Sage
ClinicalDangerSalvia rosmarinus
Rosemary
ClinicalCaution
Sambucus nigra
Elder / Elderflower
ClinicalDanger
Scutellaria baicalensis
Baikal Skullcap (Huang Qin)
ClinicalCautionScutellaria lateriflora
Skullcap
ClinicalCaution
Senna alexandrina
Senna
ClinicalDanger
Serenoa repens
Saw Palmetto
ClinicalCaution
Silybum marianum
Milk Thistle
ClinicalCaution
Solanum lycopersicum
Tomato
ClinicalCaution
Solanum tuberosum
Potato
ClinicalCaution
Spinacia oleracea
Spinach
ClinicalCaution
Symphytum officinale
Comfrey
ClinicalDanger
Tanacetum parthenium
Feverfew
ClinicalDangerThymus vulgaris
Thyme
ClinicalCaution
Trifolium pratense
Red Clover
ClinicalCaution
Trigonella foenum-graecum
Fenugreek
ClinicalCaution
Tropaeolum majus
Nasturtium
ClinicalCaution
Urtica dioica
Stinging Nettle
ClinicalCaution
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Cranberry
ClinicalCaution
Vaccinium myrtillus
Bilberry
ClinicalCaution
Valeriana officinalis
Valerian
ClinicalCautionVitex agnus-castus
Chaste Tree
ClinicalCaution
Vitis vinifera
Grapevine / Grape seed
ClinicalCaution
Withania somnifera
Ashwagandha
ClinicalCaution
Zingiber officinale
Ginger
ClinicalCaution
Achillea millefolium
Yarrow
PreclinicalCaution
Aloe vera
Aloe Vera
PreclinicalDanger
Althaea officinalis
Marshmallow
PreclinicalCaution
Ammi visnaga
Visnaga (Khella)
PreclinicalDanger
Angelica sinensis
Dong Quai
PreclinicalCaution
Apium graveolens
Celery
PreclinicalCaution
Arctium lappa
Burdock
PreclinicalCaution
Arnica montana
Arnica
PreclinicalDanger
Asclepias tuberosa
Pleurisy Root
PreclinicalCaution
Capparis spinosa
Caper
PreclinicalCaution
Capsella bursa-pastoris
Shepherd's Purse
PreclinicalCaution
Carum carvi
Caraway
PreclinicalDanger
Cichorium intybus
Chicory
PreclinicalCaution
Commiphora molmol
Myrrh
PreclinicalCaution
Dioscorea villosa
Wild Yam
PreclinicalCaution
Drosera rotundifolia
Sundew
PreclinicalCaution
Eucalyptus globulus
Eucalyptus
PreclinicalDanger
Gentiana lutea
Gentian
PreclinicalCaution
Humulus lupulus
Hops
PreclinicalCaution
Hydrastis canadensis
Goldenseal
PreclinicalDanger
Inula helenium
Elecampane
PreclinicalCaution
Juniperus communis
Juniper
PreclinicalDanger
Leonurus cardiaca
Motherwort
PreclinicalDanger
Lobelia inflata
Lobelia
PreclinicalDanger
Lycopus virginicus
Bugleweed
PreclinicalCaution
Matricaria chamomilla
German Chamomile
PreclinicalCaution
Melissa officinalis
Lemon Balm
PreclinicalCaution
Passiflora incarnata
Passionflower
PreclinicalCautionPersea americana
Avocado
PreclinicalDanger
Plantago major
Plantain (broadleaf) / Greater Plantain
PreclinicalCaution
Plectranthus barbatus
Coleus (Forskohlii)
PreclinicalCaution
Prunella vulgaris
Self-Heal
PreclinicalCaution
Sanguinaria canadensis
Bloodroot
PreclinicalDanger
Satureja hortensis
Summer savory
PreclinicalCaution
Syzygium aromaticum
Clove
PreclinicalCaution
Taraxacum officinale
Dandelion
PreclinicalCaution
Vanilla planifolia
Vanilla
Preclinical
Zea mays
Corn / Cornsilk
Preclinical
Adonis vernalis
Pheasant's eye
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Agathosma betulina
Buchu
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Allium fistulosum
Welsh onion
Traditional (systematized)
Allium schoenoprasum
Chives
Traditional (systematized)
Anethum graveolens
Dill
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Angelica archangelica
Angelica
Traditional (systematized)CautionArctostaphylos uva-ursi
Bearberry
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Artemisia vulgaris
Mugwort
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Avena sativa
Oats
Traditional (systematized)
Ballota nigra
Black Horehound
Traditional (systematized)
Betula pendula
Birch
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Brassica nigra
Black Mustard
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Centaurea cyanus
Cornflower
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Cetraria islandica
Iceland moss
Traditional (systematized)CautionCitrus limon
Lemon
Traditional (systematized)
Cnicus benedictus
Blessed thistle
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Cynara cardunculus
Artichoke
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Daucus carota
Wild Carrot
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Elymus repens
Couch grass
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Equisetum arvense
Horsetail
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Eschscholzia californica
California poppy
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Filipendula ulmaria
Meadowsweet
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Foeniculum vulgare
Fennel
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Fumaria officinalis
Fumitory
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Galeopsis segetum
Hemp-nettle
Traditional (systematized)Galium odoratum
Sweet woodruff
Traditional (systematized)CautionHamamelis virginiana
Witch Hazel
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Herniaria glabra
Rupturewort
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Hyssopus officinalis
Hyssop
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Illicium verum
Star anise (Chinese)
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Lactuca virosa
Wild Lettuce
Traditional (systematized)CautionLevisticum officinale
Lovage
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Marrubium vulgare
White horehound
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Melilotus officinalis
Sweet clover / Melilot
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Mentha pulegium
Wild mint / pennyroyal
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Mentha spicata
Spearmint
Traditional (systematized)
Ononis spinosa
Spiny restharrow
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Orthosiphon aristatus
Java tea / Cat's whiskers
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Petroselinum crispum
Parsley
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Pimpinella anisum
Anise / Aniseed
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Plantago lanceolata
Ribwort Plantain
Traditional (systematized)CautionPotentilla anserina
Silverweed
Traditional (systematized)CautionRibes nigrum
Blackcurrant
Traditional (systematized)CautionRubus idaeus
Raspberry (Raspberry leaf)
Traditional (systematized)
Rumex crispus
Yellow Dock
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Ruscus aculeatus
Butcher's broom
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Salix alba
White Willow
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Scrophularia nodosa
Figwort
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Smilax
Sarsaparilla
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Solidago virgaurea
Goldenrod
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Thuja occidentalis
Thuja
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Tussilago farfara
Coltsfoot
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Ulmus rubra
Slippery Elm
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Verbascum thapsus
Mullein
Traditional (systematized)CautionViburnum opulus
Cramp Bark
Traditional (systematized)Danger
Viburnum prunifolium
Black Haw
Traditional (systematized)Caution
Anagallis arvensis
Scarlet pimpernel
FolkDanger
Euphrasia officinalis
Eyebright
FolkCaution
Galega officinalis
Goat's rue
FolkDanger
Galium aparine
Cleavers / Goosegrass
FolkCaution
Geranium robertianum
Herb Robert
FolkCaution
Glechoma hederacea
Ground Ivy
FolkCaution
Lamium album
White Dead-Nettle
Folk
Lythrum salicaria
Purple loosestrife
FolkCaution
Parietaria officinalis
Pellitory-of-the-wall
FolkCaution
Polypodium vulgare
Common polypody
FolkCaution
Pulmonaria officinalis
Lungwort
FolkCaution
Rhamnus cathartica
Common buckthorn
FolkDanger
Sempervivum tectorum
Houseleek
FolkCaution
Stachys officinalis
Wood betony
FolkCaution
Stellaria media
Chickweed
FolkCaution
Succisa pratensis
Devil's Bit Scabious
FolkCaution
Verbena officinalis
Vervain
FolkCaution
Cochlearia officinalis
Scurvy-grass
HistoricalCaution